Aamir Shahzad , Craig S McLachlan , Judith Gault , Randall J Cohrs , Xiangdong Wang , Gottfried Kohler
Translational medicine results from collaborations between clinics, research hospitals, governments, academics, and small to large scale industry where diseases (infectious, acquired, or genetic) are identified, candidate therapeutics optimized and tested in cell culture, humanized small animal models, and in clinical trial. The goal of translational medicine is to bring to market safe and effective therapeutics in a timely and cost efficient manner. However, clinician/scientists critically trained in translational research are few and more programs to foster their development are required. Herein the state of translational medicine in leading countries (UK, Netherlands, Austria, Singapore, China, Australia, Japan, India, Malaysia, South Korea and the United States) as well as joint EU efforts is described. A summary of programs, research projects, funding agencies, national support levels and unique opportunities within each nation are presented. The future of translational medicine and interagency collaborations is promising, provided highly trained translational medicine experts can be trained. That is to produce translational leaders that engage the patient, the laboratory, industry and government.
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