Supnakha Panday
Enzymes are fundamental biological catalysts that play essential roles in numerous cellular processes. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and regulation is crucial for deciphering biological pathways and developing novel therapeutic strategies. This abstract highlights recent advances in enzymology that have contributed to unraveling the complexity of enzyme catalysis and regulation. The abstract begins by emphasizing the central role of enzymes in accelerating chemical reactions and maintaining cellular homeostasis. It discusses the significance of studying enzyme catalysis and regulation to gain insights into the fundamental principles governing biological systems. The abstract explores advances in structural biology techniques, such as X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which have provided high-resolution snapshots of enzyme structures. These structural insights have facilitated the elucidation of key catalytic residues, conformational changes, and dynamic motions that govern enzyme function. Furthermore, the abstract highlights the impact of computational approaches, including molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations, in unraveling the energetics and reaction mechanisms of enzyme catalysis. These computational tools allow for the exploration of complex enzyme-substrate interactions, transition state dynamics, and the role of solvent molecules in catalytic processes. The abstract also addresses the emerging field of enzyme regulation, including allosteric regulation, post-translational modifications, and small molecule effectors. It discusses how the integration of structural and biochemical techniques has shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying enzyme regulation and provided insights into the design of modulators for therapeutic interventions. Moreover, the abstract highlights the importance of studying enzyme promiscuity and adaptive evolution in understanding the versatility and adaptability of enzymes. It explores how the identification and characterization of enzyme promiscuity have led to the development of new biocatalysts and enzyme engineering strategies for industrial applications. Additionally, the abstract discusses the role of enzymology in drug discovery and development. It addresses the identification of enzyme targets for drug intervention, the design of enzyme inhibitors and activators, and the development of enzyme-based assays for high-throughput screening. In conclusion, advances in enzymology have provided valuable insights into the complexity of enzyme catalysis and regulation. The integration of structural biology, computational modeling, biochemical techniques, and drug discovery approaches has accelerated our understanding of enzyme function and facilitated the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This abstract highlights the significant contributions of recent research in unraveling the intricate mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and regulation and sets the stage for further exploration in this dynamic field.
KeywordsAdvances in enzymology; Enzyme catalysis; Enzyme regulation; Complexity; Biological catalysts
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